第74章 食物的问题（第1页）
第74章食物的问题
对于鸟类来讲，食物是伴随它们终生的问题。在初春的时候，我们这里的鸟类会遭遇食物短缺的问题。大自然在鸟类的体内贮存了很多脂肪，帮助它们度过饥饿的冬天，而现在，那些脂肪已经用完，鸟类的生存遭遇了巨大的挑战。由于饥饿，很多鸟类死去了。三月的时候，我曾遇到过一群加拿大雀，但我再次遇到它们时，它们的数目已经减少了许多，而且剩下的鸟儿健康状况也不好。它们是如此的羸弱，我一伸手便抓住了一只。
三月的第一周，忽然来了一阵寒流，这让鸟儿们有些措手不及，蓝鸲只好到房舍附近寻找安身之处。随着夜幕的降临，天气变得更加寒冷，蓝鸲们也变得更加不安。它们在门窗附近徘徊，在百叶窗后面躲避，在屋檐下和下水道中藏身。它们从一所房子飞往另一所房子，想要寻找温暖的栖身之处，但这基本上是徒劳。
街上一个水泵的把柄上有个洞，这种**实在无法抗拒，它们钻了进去。但它们马上又钻了出来，因为它们觉得里面不安全。于是，不一会儿就会有蓝鸲钻进这个洞，然后它们又钻了出来。我把手伸进洞中，抓住了三只蓝鸲。总有一些蓝鸲舍不得离开这个温暖的地方。
秋天的时候，所有的鸟类都会变得比春季胖，这是因为它们身上储存了大量的脂肪。松鼠、老鼠等动物，通常在洞穴中储存很多食物，以备过冬之用，鸟类则在身上储存能量。这种现象，在留在我们这里过冬的鸟儿身上体现得更加明显。在一个冬日里，我击落了一只赤肩鹰，在剥皮的过程中，我发现它的肌肉被一层厚达四分之一英寸的脂肪包裹得严严实实。这层脂肪可以帮助它抵御寒冷，也可以在缺乏食物的时候，补充它身体的消耗。
在这个季节，短嘴鸦的情况同样如此。曾有人估算过，一只短嘴鸦每天至少要吃掉半磅肉，但冬春季节，食物很缺乏，它们每天只能吃到很少的肉。这个时候，它们身上的脂肪会帮助它们渡过难关。我相信，短嘴鸦或鹰，即便两周不吃东西，也绝不会饿死。家禽中也存在着同样的现象。一月份的时候，我无意中将一只母鸡关在了库房中。那里面空****的，既没有食物可吃，也不能为它抵御严寒。十八天后，我有事去库房，才发现这只可怜的鸡。但它依然行动敏捷，只是身形瘦弱，一阵风就能把它吹走。经过一段时间的精心喂养，它又恢复了原来的模样。
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